bash prompt: avoid command substitution when checking for untracked files

bash prompt: avoid command substitution when checking for untracked files

When enabled, the bash prompt can indicate the presence of untracked
files with a '%' sign.  __git_ps1() checks for untracked files by running the
'$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)' command substitution,
and displays the indicator when there is no output.

Avoid this command substitution by additionally passing
'--error-unmatch *', and checking the command's return value.

Signed-off-by: SZEDER Gábor <redacted>